Migraine headaches affect the central nervous system. An increase in blood vessel size is associated with headaches and other symptoms. Migraine headaches are over 75% more common in women than in men. This neurological condition affects millions worldwide, including 30 million people in the United States alone. When a migraine strikes, it usually affects just one side of your head. The patient’s ability to work and focus is negatively impacted, and the discomfort is simply one side effect. Despite this, many people suffer needlessly from untreated migraines. A key reason people don’t get the help they need is a lack of education about the issue. Some people with health issues don’t even bother to see a doctor.
Migraine Origins
So, what exactly sets off a migraine attack? Migraine headaches come in various forms, making it difficult to pinpoint a single cause.
Triggers
A pain’s biological triggers are the events that set them off. The extent to which triggers cause headaches is a topic of heated controversy. Migraine triggers include a wide variety of stimuli. Among these are:
Hungry, Tired, and Stressed
Hormones have been implicated as a cause in some instances. Hormonal accumulation may also affect how severely a person experiences headaches. Menstruation, pregnancy, menopause, and sex are all linked to headaches.
Genetics
Migraine can be handed down from mother to daughter. There is a 30% increased risk of developing migraines in someone with a family history of the condition. Research and reports have shown that this illness can be passed through family members, particularly between twins. As was said initially, the likelihood of this happening to a woman is significantly higher than it is to a man.
Serotonin
The chemical neurotransmitter serotonin is essential for proper brain function coordination. Serotonin aids in optimal brain function and also helps regulate blood flow. Migraine can be caused by dilated blood vessels due to a shortage of serotonin. Depression, anxiety, and stress are only some of the neurological conditions linked to insufficient serotonin.
Migraines can develop for a variety of reasons. Depressive disorders, stress, and a slew of neurological issues can also play a role.
Migraine Symptoms
Migraine headaches have varying degrees of intensity and severity. Prodrome, aura, assault, and postdrome are the four migraine phases. Here we detail the symptoms for all four conditions.
Prodrome
The prodrome is the relatively quiet time before an impending storm. Usually, the warning signs appear two or three days before a migraine strikes. They are an early warning sign of more severe symptoms to come. These early signs and symptoms include:
Symptoms include depression, hyperactivity, neck stiffness, agitation, and food cravings.
These elements tend to manifest together. Migraine can be avoided if you recognize any of these warning signs.
Aura
Migraine sufferers often, but not always, have an aura. Auras indicate issues with sight, hearing, touch, or movement. Auras peak at the end of a gradual increase that lasts no longer than 30 minutes.
Numbness • Loss of vision • Difficulty speaking • Eye problems
Attack
Migraine discomfort typically begins during the attack phase. On average, a headache will subside after 4–72 hours. Each experiences attacks at different intervals and for different amounts of time. The following symptoms characterize most attacks:
Symptoms include throbbing pain on one side of the head, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to bright lights, diarrhea, dizziness, and even fainting from lightheadedness.
When a migraine attack begins, the symptoms don’t disappear until the episode stops.
Postdrome
You may believe that after the attack is passed, you will feel much better. The reality, however, is far different. Some of your symptoms may linger and make you feel ill. In most cases, patients experience low energy and feel weary. Patients have sometimes been reported to feel euphoric.
Migraine manifests itself in these ways. Depending on the intensity of the assault, there may be distinctions. It’s not easy to get rid of a migraine once it’s started. Many people who are in pain turn to medication as a means of relief.
Low Success Rate of Medication
The most effective treatment for migraines is a topic of heated controversy. Preventative treatments and medications can lessen the impact of an attack by more than half. There is a wide selection of these medications, but the gold standard is meeting or above a 50% reduction in migraine symptoms.
There is skepticism, even with access to prescription medication. Most preventative medications are inefficient at relieving pain. Thus, they are not recommended. The fact that these medications frequently come with unwanted side effects is also a cause for concern. They end up doing more harm than good. Patients who experience severe migraine headaches often are advised to consider taking medication. It’s probably best if the other patients don’t use them either.
Due to the high drug failure rate, migraine sufferers have turned to alternative treatments in droves. Because of this, many have looked at alternatives, like surgery, for avoiding and treating migraines.
Headache Operations
Patients now see migraine surgery as a kind of savior. Those who suffer from chronic migraines can find permanent relief through surgical intervention. The issue with this illness is that people treat the symptoms rather than the cause, and medication can only lessen the intensity of the disorder. Now that migraine surgery is a real possibility, people who suffer from migraines no longer have to.
There is a 30% success rate for surgical patients. Although this sounds like a small percentage, the fact that migraine surgery effectively relieves migraine symptoms must be emphasized. Five years following surgery, most patients report a considerable improvement, and 90% of those who underwent surgery say they no longer experience migraines.
It would appear that Botox and migraines are unrelated. Botox, however, must be administered first before migraine surgery may be conducted. Botox is used to pinpoint the exact locations of the trigger points that will be operated on. Botox injections are required 4-8 weeks before surgery. Before surgery, doctors see how well the patient responds to botox injections.
Migraine patients would be well to familiarize themselves with the signs and triggers of the condition before seeking therapy. Due to the high failure rate of migraine medications, they should only be used to decrease the severity of an attack.
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